Energy Infrastructure

A Conferência Global da AIE sobre Energia e IA destacou a relação recíproca entre os dois campos, centrando-se no papel da IA na otimização da utilização de energia e no reforço da adoção de energias renováveis, reconhecendo simultaneamente as crescentes necessidades energéticas da IA. As principais discussões abordaram o consumo de eletricidade pelos centros de dados, os avanços na tecnologia de baterias, a otimização de redes inteligentes, as capacidades preditivas para desastres naturais e as perspetivas internacionais de empresas e governos sobre estratégias de energia orientadas para a IA. A AIE sublinhou o seu compromisso de fornecer dados acionáveis e promover o diálogo entre as partes interessadas para alinhar a IA com as realidades do sistema energético, e anunciou um relatório abrangente sobre a energia e a IA para 2025.

The paper provides an analysis of 19 hydrogen production methods, focusing on efficiency, cost, and environmental sustainability. It identifies the efficiency of fossil fuel reforming and the high environmental impact of non-renewable sources. Renewable methods are more sustainable but less developed. Hybrid approaches offer balanced results while further innovation is needed for truly sustainable hydrogen production.

Global electricity demand is projected to increase, led by China and India, with renewables and nuclear supplying all growth through 2026, indicating a shift towards low-emission sources, reducing CO2 intensity, and highlighting regional disparities in access and consumption trends.

The paper discusses Europe's transition to an interconnected, renewable-focused energy grid, emphasizing the need for smart grids, AI, flexibility markets, advanced data exchange, and interoperability. These elements are crucial for balancing supply and demand, enhancing grid efficiency, and achieving sustainability and decarbonization goals, all while facing challenges in technology, investment, and stakeholder collaboration.

The STORMING project innovates in methane cracking for CO₂-free hydrogen and carbon nanotubes production, aligning with Hydrogen Europe's pathways for a sustainable energy transition and offering economic and environmental benefits. Challenges remain in scaling and integration into industries.

The paper addresses the EU's transition to electric vehicles (EVs) as key in decarbonizing transport sector emissions, crucial to achieving 2040 climate targets. The EV ecosystem involves various stakeholders, including OEMs, CPOs, and DSOs, working together towards electrification. Policies like RED, AFIR, EPBD, and the Sustainable Battery Regulation support this shift, while investment in EV infrastructure is projected to significantly increase. Data sharing is emphasized as essential for ecosystem efficiency.

AI accelerates the global energy transition by optimizing grid operation, predictive maintenance, and energy efficiency, advancing R&D, and enhancing energy trading strategies, attracting investment and job creation, with associated financial opportunities and risks.

The "Solution Booklet: Electric Vehicles and the Grid" discusses the increase of EVs in Europe, the necessity for robust charging infrastructures, strategic city planning for EV integration, technical, societal, and governance aspects of smart charging and V2G technologies, as well as innovative solutions and economic considerations for successful EV and energy grid synergy.

The European Round Table for Industry reports, authored by the Boston Consulting Group, highlight challenges in Europe's energy transition, advocating for regulatory changes to foster competitiveness amid higher energy costs, risk of deindustrialization, and the need for large-scale investment in energy infrastructure to meet Green Deal goals.